Everything about Hmg-coa Synthase totally explained
HMG-CoA synthase is an enzyme which catalyzes the reaction where
Acetyl-CoA condenses with
acetoacetyl-CoA to form
3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA).
Forms
There are two different forms of the enzyme; in humans the cytosolic form has only 60.6% amino acid identity with the mitochondrial form of the enzyme.
Cytosolic
The cytosolic enzymes has a key role in the production of
cholesterol and other isoprenoids:
Mitochondrial
The mitochondrial form is used for the production of
ketone bodies:
Regulation
The gene for the mitochondrial form of the enzyme has three sterol regulatory elements in the 5' flanking region . These elements are responsible for decreased transcription of the message responsible for enzyme synthesis when dietary cholesterol is high in animals: the same is observed for
3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA and the
low density lipoprotein receptor.
Further Information
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